COVID-19 Pandemic: A Joint Nobel Prize For Trump, Bolsonaro, Modi – Truly Deserved!

  by Dr P S Sahni 

An emergency meeting of the 50-member Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm – responsible for the selection of Nobel laureates in physiology or medicine – is having grave deliberations.

Chairperson: An unprecedented situation has arisen after we received an email from the aforesaid aspirants for the Nobel Prize; the rules do not allow nomination by the potential laureates. I beseech the wisdom of this assembly to tide over the crises bigger than the COVID-19 pandemic itself!

Member 1 (M1): Sir, the situation being delicate – what with the background of these three characters – it is best if we go about the proceedings in a dispassionate manner.

M2: Sir, the credentials of the aspirant from India states that he was instrumental in dispatching the drug Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) to about 100 odd countries to save the lives of hundreds of thousands of people. Secondly, he submits that he has allowed the production and stockpiling of Oxford vaccine (backed by British government) at Pune, India at the very centre where Phase II, III, IV clinical trials of this vaccine are still in progress! Additionally he has dispatched paracetamol medicine to many countries for control of fever in COVID-19 infection! Besides he is said to be the original proponent of social distancing; sir, he has socially distanced himself from his better half for decades. Speaks volumes for his sacrifice. He faces a crucial provincial (Bihar) election in October 2020; would love to conquer Bihar close on the heels of the announcement of the prize.

M1: Sorry for the interruption but it needs to be pointed out that even the World Health Organization has concluded that HCQ is useless and dangerous when given to patients with serious pneumonia. On this ground alone the prize cannot be awarded. Secondly sir, while it is courageous for this aspirant to allow production and stockpiling of the vaccine even before the trials are successfully completed, what if the results of these trials are anything but? Thirdly, around 80,000 doctors, nurses, voluntary workers in India alone have got infected with the virus even though health care service providers are given HCQ as a government policy. Clearly HCQ does not have even a preventive role.

M3: I am aware, sir, of the way things get done in India. You can be sure that results of the trial would be as required by the Oxford University and Astra-Zeneca. The British PM has himself put in a word to his Indian counterpart. Moreover the institute undertaking the trial has had a call from Bhai log (mafia) in Mumbai that the trials have to be shown to be successful. So there should be no doubt on this score. For the uninitiated Bhai log are more feared than the Italian godfathers and resourceful too! A negative point though, is that the aspirant from India was accused of genocide of Muslims in Gujarat in 2002 though the judiciary gave him a clean chit later! After being denied visa for visit to USA for over a decade Trump personally invited Modi and embraced him in pre-COVID times!

M4: Sir, the aspirant from USA asserts that he should be lauded for projecting the COVID-19 infection – right in the beginning of the pandemic – as a simple flu. This ensured that mass depression and suicides got avoided in USA – a no mean achievement during the nation’s hour of greatest crises. Like the aspirant from India he too, had been a strong votary of HCQ. Rumours have it that he himself had consumed this medicine for prevention of infection. In fact his concern for the people of his country can be gauzed from the fact that he had threatened to bomb India to Stone Age at a time when Modi had dared to put an embargo on the export of this drug for a few days. Sir, we have to appreciate the spirit of this character and the passion with which he steered the country through this pandemic. Remember, too, he could pressurize Modi – who never tires of reminding all and sundry that his chest circumference measures 56 inches – to lift the embargo on HCQ. The aspirant has tagged a few recommendatory letters from dozens of women who cheerfully testify to his virility in all honesty. Moreover, sir, he faces a re-election in the first week of November; his name being declared in October as per our protocol would steer him through the tumultuous electoral process! Keep in mind sir, that this time Russia may not be able to manipulate the elections in USA through social media. Our little bit of help would get him past the goal post. If we don’t, he may resort to the usual tactics – imposing sanctions, tariffs; what is more he may bomb the Nobel assembly at Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm out of existence!

M5: Sir, let me brief this august gathering on the third aspirant: you have to admire the bravado of the Brazilian president; Bolsonaro has been moving around publicly throughout the length and breadth of the country often without as much as a mask and occasionally hugging the populace at public places. Never mind that all this has resulted in Brazil having the second highest number of COVID-19 cases in the world but the risk he took personally cannot be ignored. Besides he is the original propagator of HCQ which he prefers to call by the Hindu mythological connotation of being Hanuman ji’s sanjeevni buti. Such creative and innovative mind would be hard to locate in CDC, Atlanta, USA. I wish to bring to your notice that Father Damien worked amongst leprosy patients and contracted leprosy; likewise sir, Bolsonaro contacted COVID-19 infection in July 2020 purely because he dared to mingle with the Brazilian people when they were in need of emotional support. This selfless act of Bolsonaro qualifies him to be an aspirant.

M6: What if in spite of the best efforts of Bhai log in India the results of Phase II to IV point towards the vaccine being useless.

M7: Sir, once we have given the award to these three aspirants we need not worry if the Oxford vaccine discovery is found to be bogus. Remember sir, that in the year 1926 we had awarded a Nobel Prize in medicine to Johannes Fibiger which was later found to be a discovery of dubious nature. So we have a precedence to fall back upon. We shouldn’t worry about such niceties.

M8: Sir, in any case in Putin’s Russia the vaccine has not only not completed the full mandatory trials but has also been produced and stockpiled. In fact people have even been vaccinated with this new vaccine. One of Putin’s close relative has received a shot and Putin insists that all is fine. Luckily for us at the Nobel Prize committee Putin has not projected himself as an aspirant to the Nobel Prize. You know sir, how these wretched communists – present and erstwhile – look at the Nobel Prize, to wit, an instrument of decadent western capitalist world order. Same goes for China where the vaccine trials are in an advanced stage. Before I end my statement I wish to chip in – and we must collectively confess in this august gathering – that at the behest of USA and western Europe we have used the Nobel Prize to create dissenters within the iron curtain countries in the past. This was in line with the long term objective of the west to have a communist-mukt world order.

Chairperson: I have given a patient hearing to the worthy opinion of the members of this assembly; yet I must express myself clearly that I feel strongly that the soul of Alfred Nobel would never rest in peace if the likes of Trump were to be bestowed with the Nobel Prize in medicine. The very thought is discomforting to me.

Dissenting member: Since this is a closed door meeting and our corporate press will never get wind of the ongoing proceedings here – which as per protocol are kept secret for 50 years in any case – let the truth be out. I have no hesitation in reminding you that Alfred Nobel made his money out of the invention of dynamite and an explosive device called a blasting cap which inaugurated the modern use of high explosives. Sir, dynamite has created more death and destruction in this world than all the havoc caused by the USA in the two dozen odd countries which it had invaded since World War II for a variety of reasons viz oil; regime change; locating non-existent weapons of mass destruction; defeating communism and at times even to win presidential elections within USA not to speak of enlarging the business of the MNCs manufacturing war weaponry. So if Trump shares this prize, Alfred Nobel’s soul is more likely to rest in peace permanently. I think your fears are totally unfounded. We will be able to kill two birds with one stone if the name of the Indian aspirant stays included; do you recall that the name of the company started by Alfred Nobel for manufacture and sale of weapons including canons and other armaments. Yes, I am referring to Bofors – which put the grand old Indian National Congress (INC) in disrepute for decades. Poetic justice would be done to the Indian aspirant. Besides, letting him share the award would provide ammunition to the INC to regain its lost political hold. You may announce the award jointly to the three aspirants at the scheduled ceremony in October – the month earmarked as per the protocol of the Nobel Committee.

Namaste!

Dr. P. S. Sahni is a member of ABVA.

Email: aidsbhedbhavvirodhiandolan@gmail.com

First published: https://countercurrents.org/2020/09/covid-19-pandemic-a-joint-nobel-prize-for-trump-bolsonaro-modi-truly-deserved/

ABVA's Reports

ABVA is in the process of digitizing its Citizens’ Reports brought out over the years. Following reports have already been digitized and can be read here:

 

1.   WOMEN & AIDS - DENIAL AND BLAME, 1990

2. AIDS & MANAVA ADHIKARON KA SANKAT (Hindi)

 

3.  BLOOD OF THE PROFESSIONALS, 1991

(A Report on the Exploitation of Professional Blood Donors by the Blood Banking      System in India)

 

4.   LESSTHAN GAY, 1991

(A Citizens’ Report on the Status of Homosexuality in India)

 

5.   THIS SUGAR IS BITTER, 1992

(A Citizens Report on the Status of Chemical Dependents and HIV Infection in India)

 

6.   VICTIMS’ VERSION, 1993.

(A citizens’ report on violence committed primarily against the Muslims of Seelampur, Delhi on 11 Dec 1992)

 

7.  HARD TIMES FOR POSITIVE TRAVEL, 1993

(A Citizens Report on the Status of Travellers with HIV/AIDS)

 

8.  THE NEEDLE OF SUSPICION, 1996

(A Citizens’ Report on the BIV Vaccine Trials In India)

 

9.  FOR PEOPLE LIKE US, 1999

(A Report of the fact finding team which enquired into the attempted suicide of Mamata and Monalisa in Cuttack, Orissa, India in 1998)

 

10. HUM JAISE LOG (Hindi)

11. endless and sickening therapies for AIDS

    (A Citizen’s report on Anti-AIDS drugs and the threat to public health)

Globally Governments Gang-up with AstraZeneca; Indemnifying It Against COVID-19 Vaccine Dangers!

 by Dr. P. S. Sahni 

“Cancel all … agreements that compromise the fundamental interests of the Indian people, particularly those imposed on behalf of global corporations …”

• • A People’s Manifesto for Ecological Democracy by Countercurrents Collective

Oxford University, England backed by the British Government in collaboration with multinational drug corporation AstraZeneca (British, Swedish origin) is reported to have completed Phase-1, II trials of its newly-discovered COVID-19 vaccine – so reports a British medical journal, Lancet in its online edition dated 20 July, 2020.

A British news agency, Reuters informed the world about these developments. AstraZeneca then tied up with Serum Institute of India (SII), Pune, India (a private enterprise) for mass production of this vaccine and also to conduct the next phases of clinical trials. The Drug Controller of India is reported to have asked SII to start from phase II and proceed on to phase III of these trials. SII has entered into a new partnership with Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance & the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to speed up the process of manufacture and delivery of up to 100 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine for India and other third world countries – at least 92 in number.

A mass producer of this vaccine will face a conflict of interest. Since it already has enough orders, what prevents fudging of data to ensure that all the phases of the trial go without a hiccup? Honest trials might entail loss of windfall gains. Besides how much ethically and scientifically could such trials proceed when there is a monumental order for supply dangling like a carrot in front of the enterprise – and this when even the results of Phase II (being repeated in India, though white skinned people in Britain have already been tested) have not been reported/scrutinized in any medical journal. What if the results of Phase II trials in India are anything but, encouraging or are different from those in U.K.

As if this was not scandalous enough AstraZeneca wants – rather demands – indemnity against side effects of this vaccine for the next four years! What audacity; what gumption? Recall that top level officials of MNC Bayer faced jail terms handed over at Nuremberg Trials. How can AstraZeneca escape liability were any catastrophe to occur?

It could be taken as a given that heads of ninety-two odd countries, mostly former colonies of Great Britain, have either given/are in the process of giving a tacit approval to this humongous medical monstrosity masquerading as a trial. In 1930s, Hitler could boast of roping in one MNC, to wit Bayer, for unethical medical experimentation. In a role reversal now in the year 2020 one MNC – AstraZeneca – has forced ninety-two odd geographical entities to sign on the dotted line. AstraZeneca is in effect actually extorting blank, signed death warrants of citizens from their respective governments.

It is true that the USA – a onetime British colony – has also allowed trials of Oxford vaccine on its citizens. In 2005 a law was enacted in USA to the effect that if a vaccine manufacturer produces a vaccine during an acute medical crises of national importance, and the vaccine produces serious side effects the manufacturer stands indemnified in public interest. (Evidence enough that MNCs control and run governments.) In other words the American people were allowed to be used as guinea pigs in such circumstances. No other country has such a law. But AstraZeneca has been arm twisting governments of 92 countries in first go to enact similar legislation. Expect an Ordinance to the effect in India around 8 p.m. any day in the near future.

Just a Google search on the shenanigans of AstraZeneca – a plain compilation of number of times AstraZeneca has been sued in courts of law and ordered to pay compensation to governments and patients, even going in for out-of court settlement – would be sufficient to put anyone on guard. Only a head of state with an IQ well below that of a congenital idiot would put its people on the chopping block.

It is commonsensical knowledge what side effects could ensue from any new drug/vaccine. The new vaccine could set off – any new disease, disability or death; abortion and fertility issues; congenital defects; genetic mutations in future generations. Mercifully of course the vaccine could prove to be useless and harmless. But who is going to pay compensation if any such problem arises in first four years of the use of this vaccine? As AstraZeneca demands indemnity for this period governments globally would have to ensure payment of damages – which could see governments go bankrupt.

Astra and the thalidomide disaster

Astra AB – predecessor of AstraZeneca – based in Sweden distributed a drug Neurosedyn, which was a prescription free sedative; the drug was developed in Germany and sold under the name thalidomide in other countries. “In late 1961 this drug was connected to a number of birth defects in Germany and was withdrawn from the German market. Three weeks later Astra’s Neurosedyn was withdrawn in Sweden, after having been on the market slightly less than three years.” It turned out that about 100 Swedish children had suffered deformation from their mother’s taking the drug during their pregnancy. Worldwide 10,000 deformed children were born. Astra had to reach a settlement with the victims in 1969. “This turn of events led to a revision of safety thinking in drug development, and to date it is still considered as the worst tragedy and scandal in the history of the Swedish pharmaceutical industry.” Has AstraZeneca in the year 2020 forgotten its own history! (Wikipedia – Astra AB)

‘Great Britain’ needs to be reminded that the sun had set on the empire long time back; it is now a small island nation – even sliced off from EU; at best a lapdog of USA. Gone are the days when inhabitants of its colonies could be used as fodder for its WW-I, WW-II armies; it should no longer dare demand clinical trials on non-whites, Africans, Asians, South Americans, people of its erstwhile colonies, or even those who were colonized by other colonial powers as obnoxious as the British and those countries derogatorily referred to as under-developed or less-developed. Will someone please explain to those carrying the white man’s burden that even if a charitable clinic offers free medical services to the poorest of the poor and the poor person dies, the charity provider cannot escape responsibility and accountability. In the case of Oxford vaccine the buck stops at Buckingham Palace! Is the Queen listening or is she still in hiding in a remote corner of Windsor Castle – as per media reports last pouring in – when the coronavirus pandemic had just hit Great Britain.

British Government suppressed information about the 1918 pandemic

A hundred years earlier the British government tried its best to ensure that the world would not know about the 1918 flu pandemic which affected an estimated five hundred million people and killed up to fifty million worldwide. News of the pandemic, it was felt, could adversely affect its war efforts on so many fronts then. It was Spain – which had no such interest – which let the world know that a flu pandemic is on. The term ‘Spanish Flu’ does not connote that the flu started in Spain – rather Spain sent the news to the whole world. So Great Britain actually helped spread the 1918 flu pandemic! Can it be trusted in 2020? Should it not be apologizing to the world community at least now for its treacherous role then?

Mark Honigsbaum writes in Regulating the 1918–19 Pandemic: Flu, Stoicism and the Northcliffe Press:

“The first Britons knew of the flu was in late May when the Daily Express and the Daily Mail ran brief reports about a ‘mysterious epidemic’ in Spain. Wary of frightening the public, the British Medical Journal (BMJ) dismissed the reports as ‘alarmist’ while The Lancet ignored them entirely.”

Late in the spring of 1918 the Spanish wire news service Agencia Fabra sent cables to Reuter’s news service headquarters in London about the spread of flu cases. Reuters subserved the interest of its British rulers; a decade later the Associated Press (AP) followed in the footsteps of Reuters under Hitler’s Germany. Both these news agencies butchered journalist ethics.

Oxford University develops/discovers a vaccine for COVID-19 and then hands it over to AstraZeneca on a silver platter. Since the whole world knows by now that AstraZeneca has made it clear that it has to be indemnified for the first four years of the use of its vaccine, is Oxford University comfortable with this diktat of the MNC? Worse, or is it party to this conditionality? The historical role of middle class academicians/professionals is to raise questions on the establishment. Has Oxford University professors all but forgotten it?

Dr. P. S. Sahni is a member of ABVA.

Email: aidsbhedbhavvirodhiandolan@gmail.com

First published: https://countercurrents.org/2020/08/globally-governments-gang-up-with-astrazeneca-indemnifying-it-against-covid-19-vaccine-dangers/

A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE GAY RIGHTS MOVEMENT IN INDIA by Sanjukta Bose

A Brief History Of The Gay Rights Movement In India

6 September 2018 shall be ceaselessly celebrated because the day India moved on to the suitable aspect of historical past and stood up for the rights and dignity of a group that had suffered by the hands of the federal government and the whole society because the days of colonialism. The scraping of Part 377 arrived at a time when LGBTQ activism is at its peak in India, however so is the violence and discrimination towards the group. The historic verdict is being hailed as a a lot wanted step ahead within the battle to finish all types of discrimination based mostly on one’s sexual orientation. Nevertheless, this victory is the results of almost three many years of steady onerous work and devoted activism by people and organizations who pledged their complete lives to this trigger. Most of it, sadly, stays unknown and finds no place within the annals of India’s trendy historical past. Lack of understanding and consciousness is all the time cited as a key issue that contributes to rampant homophobia among the many plenty, permits highly effective establishments to get away with distortion of information and knowledge that additional fuels the issue.

Even earlier than Naz Basis and the Legal professionals Collective filed a PIL for the repeal of Part 377 in 2001, there have been organizations and activists who had been preventing for the homosexual rights motion in India. In 1977, Shakuntala Devi revealed “The World of Homosexuals” which is claimed to be the primary research of homosexuality in India, towards the backdrop of the Emergency years. Right here, she burdened that the necessity of the hour was to acknowledge the existence of and create inclusive areas for the gay inhabitants of the nation. In 1981, the All India Hijra Convention was held in Agra and noticed participation from almost 50,000 members of the group. In 1999, the primary ever satisfaction parade in India passed off in Calcutta on July 2nd. It was referred to as the Friendship Stroll and hardly had fifteen individuals.

The first organized public protest of the homosexual rights motion in India was held on 11th August, 1992 outdoors the Police Headquarters at New Delhi. It was organized by the AIDS Bhedbhav Virodhi Andolan (or the AIDS Anti Discrimination Movement) and was attended by over 500 enthusiastic people, together with civil liberties and democratic rights teams. The protest was organized a day after 18 individuals have been arrested from the Central Park, Connaught Place on costs that they have been allegedly about to interact in gay acts. When members of ABVA approached cops to investigate concerning the arrest, they have been advised that that they had acquired complaints from residents within the neighboring areas relating to the “menace of homosexuals” within the park through the night hours. Harassment of this type continues to be a standard apply in several elements of India even as we speak. In June this yr, a homosexual man and his pal have been crushed up by police in Delhi and subsequently arrested for hugging a trans lady. Nevertheless, with the partial striking- down of Part 377, members of the group a minimum of have authorized safety now that may assist them search redress.

The ABVA began out in 1988-1989 as a non-profit group that labored to finish all types of discrimination towards HIV/AIDS in India. Throughout its preliminary days, it comprised an eclectic mixture of members that included a leprosy affected person, a nun, a closeted homosexual individual, social staff, docs, legal professionals, non-formal schooling staff, ladies’s teams’ members and even a pavement dweller. In 1989, ABVA performed a big position in stalling the AIDS Prevention Invoice, 1989 from passing, by means of petitions within the Parliament, public conferences and protest. Had this draconian invoice been handed, then excessive danger teams can be forcibly examined for HIV by the federal government and people with constructive outcomes can be pressured into quarantine. This regulation would have massively violated the civil and democratic liberties of many.

The group is credited with publishing the primary citizen’s report on the state of homosexuals in India titled “Less Than Gay”. The report was ready by seven ABVA members, viz Arun Bhandari, Dr. J.P. Jain, Jagdish Bhardwaje, Lalitha S.A., Dr. P.S. Sahni, Shalini S.C.N. and Siddharth Gautam. The report additionally carried the Constitution of Calls for- the LGBTQ Manifesto that, for the primary time in India, articulated the demand for the repeal of Part 377 together with the related sections of the Military, Navy and Air Drive Act, 1950 that criminalized same- intercourse sexual actions. It demanded for the popularity of proper to privateness as a elementary proper for all residents of the nation. The manifesto additionally burdened on the necessity for equal civil rights and authorized protections of the LGBTQ group and in addition demanded the institution of a authorities fee to doc human rights violations of queer people in India.

In 1994, ABVA filed the primary Public Curiosity Litigation (PIL) in Delhi Excessive Courtroom difficult the constitutional validity of Part 377- this was the primary authorized protest towards the oppression of the LGBTQ group in India by authorities establishments and set the ball rolling for the homosexual rights motion in India. No queer individual volunteered to be part of the case regardless of greatest efforts made by the group. Again then; even individuals belonging to the LGBTQ group have been reluctant to brazenly help and struggle for the group for worry of public backlash and repercussions. Keep in mind, that within the 1990s, it was a lot more durable to be queer in India than it’s at the moment. The petition was dismissed in 2001, nevertheless it sowed the seeds for a battle that went on for years till it lastly noticed the glimmering mild of success. The PIL was truly filed because of a public controversy whereby ABVA activists have been refused permission by authorities of Tihar Jail once they needed to distribute condoms to the prisoners. Kiran Bedi, the then Inspector Common of Prisons, refused permission on the grounds that permitting distribution of condoms would imply admitting the existence of gay relations in Tihar and that it will encourage the follow additional.

Alongside ABVA, Humsafar Belief was one other NGO that pioneered the reason for LGBT rights in India. Its preliminary focus was on offering HIV/AIDS well being providers to homosexual males, however quickly it expanded to offer steerage, checkups, counseling and outreach for the whole LGBTQ group. The founding father of this group, Ashok Row Kavi, is claimed to have written the primary “coming out” story in India that was revealed in 1986 in Savvy journal. At the moment, Kavi didn’t understand the influence his story would have on his personal life and on the lives of different individuals. In an interview afterward, Kavi admitted he had no concept that his story would trigger such controversy. “When you come out in India, [your] gay identity becomes your primary identity… All the other identities- being a good journalist, for instance- become backups. When I came out in 1984, I didn’t realize it would create such a ruckus, but I nearly lost my job. My boss stood by me, though. Fortunately, I had come out to him before I had accepted the job,” Kavi had said.

2001 noticed sure landmark occasions within the wrestle for LGBTQ rights in India. Alongside the PIL filed by the Naz Basis and Legal professionals Collective, queer people in Mumbai staged a silent protest outdoors the well-known Flora Fountain, ushering in a brand new tradition of protest for the motion. The protest was in response to the arrests made in July 2001 by Lucknow Police. They arrested a gaggle of males from an area park on the grounds of suspected homosexuality. One among them was a employee with an NGO referred to as the Bharosa Belief; the police raided their workplace and confiscated safe- intercourse aids, like condoms, lubricants, educational movies and dildos. This information was reported with a lot sensationalism by the mainstream media, since journalism round homosexual rights then was severely uninformed and had a bent for sensationalizing incidents surrounding this problem.

The lengthy wrestle of LGBTQ activism in India is one that’s peppered with each victories and losses. In 1987, the wedding of Leela and Urmila, two policewomen from Madhya Pradesh, turned the primary recognized case of similar intercourse marriage in India. The two of them ultimately misplaced their jobs. In 2002, Kali turned the primary hijra individual to face for elections in Bihar and was elected a ward councilor. In 2004, Pushkin Chandra and his companion Kuldeep Singh have been each murdered in chilly blood. This incident delivered to mild the homophobic violence within the nation and it was solely in 2010 that the murderers have been awarded life sentences. In 2010, the Delhi Excessive Courtroom handed a landmark judgment granting equal rights to “sexual minorities”. The Supreme Courtroom in 2013 overturned this judgment, stating that issues pertaining to the repealing or amending of Part 377 must be left to the Parliament, not the judiciary. In January 2018, the Supreme Courtroom agreed to listen to a petition to revisit the 2013 Naz Basis judgment.

What this lesson in historical past teaches us is that the struggle isn’t actually over. There’s nonetheless a lot work left to be executed. A number of legal professionals, activists, NGOs and people spent their lives struggling in order that we might stay in a greater world; and our obligation in the direction of them is to create extra accepting and protected areas for many who come after us. We should educate ourselves and people round us, unfold consciousness towards homophobia, maintain establishments of energy accountable for his or her insurance policies and actions, help and shield those that want it probably the most, and promise to not get complacent on this current victory.

Featured picture supply: Instagram 

Abstract

Article Identify

A Brief History Of The Gay Rights Movement In India

Writer

Sanjukta Bose

Description

This is every thing you want to know concerning the Gay Rights Movement in India. Let there be delight with out prejudice!

Courtesy: Herald Magazine. link: https://visprfashions.com/a-brief-history-of-the-gay-rights-movement-in-india/

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